Toefl Essay Samples Free: No Longer a Mystery

Toefl Essay Samples Free: No Longer a Mystery Accuracy vs Length It's always best to write more effectively than to write something which may have no result. According to the marking scheme, every suitable answer carries 4 mark each and there's a negative marking of 1 marks for each incorrect answer. To explain how to compose an essay outline, here is a good example of the format. Writing about a different topic is a simple means to receive a very low score. An excellent prep book can be absolutely the most important study tool you use, and we've got information on all the very best TOEFL prep books you should think about. The very first thing you ought to learn are the various forms of TOEFL reading question types. If you're not sure when you'll be applying and just wish to study and find the TOEFL from the way first, then the lifetime program might be the proper option because you are going to have unlimited access to it. Learn all the advice you need to understand as a way to ace TOEFL Writing! TOEFL raters study your capacity to create unique kinds of sentences. With PrepScholar, you are going to master the TOEFL on your very first try. Accordingly, together with familiarizing yourself with TOEFL, taking timed, full-length TOEFL practice tests can help you prepare your entire body and mind to take a seat through the total TOEFL exam. Every one of the test sections has a time limit, and you need to take advantage of the time you're given. It is designed to measure your ability to learn languages. Your score will be contingent on the grade of your writing in addition to how well you answer the question. With a planned strategy and just just a little effort, you should raise your odds of scoring well and having a larger assortment of language opportunities. Getting involved in a group procedure can be quite rewarding for members of the group. Honest, dedicated practice is considerably more useful and potent. There are a few ways that you can enhance your score by utilizing some basic strategies. Get the Scoop on Toefl Essay Samples Free Before You're Too Late Select your words carefully so that you're answering the precise question that's asked. So long as you follow our advice, you are going to be able to compose an exceptional introduction. Speaking about your opinions will ensure it is a lot easier to write about them. An argumentative essay is among the many academic essay types. Nonetheless, the topics will most likely be very similar overall. You don't have to have much specific knowledge on any topic to be successful. You won't be required to get any former knowled ge on a topic. Other folks prefer to stay in a huge city. Students desire to reap the advantages connected with attending a dependable educational institute. Therefore, many students and employees decide to purchase inexpensive essay rather than writing it themselves. Being in college might be a little struggle for some. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. For example, when parents have their very first baby they are made to give up their freedom as a way to look after the kid. The 30-Second Trick for Toefl Essay Samples Free The lecture follows the identical pattern, with the principal points matching up with the key points in the reading passage. Your response ought to be 150-225 words. It should be around 150-225 words. Usually, an effective response is going to be 150 to 225 words. The passages cover a wide selection of topics such as Even though the studying passages can be challenging to comprehend, you don't necessarily have to understand all of it. After reading the passage, then you will listen to a lecture on the identical topic. The listening section is 80 minutes long and is potentially the most difficult part of the test for a lot of reasons. Normally the reading section of TOEFL would consist of three or four passages and you'd be in a position to devote 20 minutes per passage to finish the whole section. Vital Pieces of Toefl Essay Samples Free Paragraph 4 considers several explanations for why river clean-up plans might not be successful (the plans might be nothing more than campaign promises or funding might not be adequate). To conclude, so should you would like to be satisfied in life you need to make an energy or do things which aren't always the most pleasurable of the choices that are open to you. There's no secret to success. Yes, our absolutely free trial provides you access to our whole course for 5 full days at no price.

Personal Statement My Assistant - 1004 Words

In 2000, I was twenty-four years of age. I was working in one of the most-prestigious financial institutions the country. I reported directly to the CFO. I never knew what my official job title was. I was plucked from the trading cage. My boss had four executive male secretaries, who in turn had eight male secretaries. Two each. I knew I wasn t a secretary. I knew I made a lot of money. I hadn t the slightest clue what for. Until recently. During the winter, the 72nd second floor resembled a boat deck in the sky. Surrounded by white mist, white shirts, and stock market screens, the teetering floors in high winds became the highlight of my day. At 600: AM it resembled the starship enterprise or NASA control room. Flickering lights ....†¦show more content†¦The Group of Seven was made up of seven men in white shirts who spoke to no one, except one another, behind glass walls. I rode in an elevator with one of them once. Not a peep. Not even an acknowledgement. I felt as though I should hang my head in shame. Why? I hadn t the slightest idea. Seventy-two floors are a long ride up. As four thirty rolled in, the last male secretary put his coat on and departed for the drifts below. The markets were closing in eight minutes. The Group of Seven glowed in their glass vestibule as their meeting commenced. Their shirts, for once did not match the colour of the sky. Once again the building swayed. The wind was not only felt but heard as it blasted through the forced air systems. Perched in my cage, I noticed a yellow ticket falling in mid air like a feather to the ground. I could not leave my cage. I was to be reprimanded for doing so. FIRED. A yellow ticket signified an order to buy. If ever a yellow ticket was filled in error a procedure existed to void the transaction. The pink slip was not attached therefore it was a live order. Four minutes remained. The Group of Seven seemed as if they were several kilometers away (although they weren t.) They glowed like nuclear power plant. Two minutes. I couldn t page them; I couldn t scream for ticket rescue. I

Chapter 5 Classwork Solutions free essay sample

Otto and Fiona are negotiating the terms of their divorce. Otto has agreed to transfer property to Fiona over the next two years, but he has reserved the right to make cash payments in lieu of property transfers. Will tax considerations play a role in Ottos decision to transfer property or pay cash? How will Ottos choice affect the combined gross income and income taxes paid by Otto and Fiona? Explain. Under the proper conditions (under a written separation agreement or divorce decree that does not designate payments as something other than alimony, the pouses do not live together when the payments are made, and the payments that cease on the recipients death), cash payments are deductible alimony whereas property settlements have no immediate tax implications. Because alimony is included in the gross income of the recipient and is deductible by the person making the payment, the choice to make cash payments will not affect their combined gross income. However, the choice will affect combined taxes paid if Otto and Fiona do not have the same marginal tax rates on the payments. The combined taxes payable will e lower if Otto has a higher rate than Fiona (the alimony deduction reduces taxes at a high rate and the alimony income is taxed at a lower rate) than if Fiona has a higher marginal tax rate than Otto. 30. Rolando purchases a golf cart from his employer, E- Z-Go Golf Carts, for a sizable discount. Explain the rules for determining if Rolandos purchase results in taxable income for him. Although the general rule is that bargain purchases by an employee from an employer creates taxable compensation income to the employee, the tax law does provide a limited exclusion for employee bargain urchases. Specifically, employees may exclude a) a discount on employer-provided goods as long as the discount does not exceed the employers gross profit percentage on all property offered to sale to non-employee customers and (b) up to 20 percent employer-provided discount on services. Discounts in excess of these amounts are taxable as compensation. Thus, if Rolando purchases the golf cart for a price that equals or exceeds his employers cost, the purchase will not result in any taxable income for him. 34. Cassie works in an office and has access to several professional color printers. Her employer allows Cassie and her fellow employees to use the printers to print color postcards for the holidays. This year Cassie printed out two dozen postcards worth almost $76. Must Cassie include this amount in her gross income this year? Explain your answer. No the benefit is considered a nontaxable de minimis fringe benefit because it is small in amount and infrequent. 4. For the following independent cases, determine whether economic income is present and, if so, whether it must be included in gross income (that is, is it realized and recognized for tax purposes? ). a. Asia owns stock that is listed on the New York Exchange, and this year the stock increased in value by $20,000. b. Ben sold stock for $10,000 and paid sales commission of $250. Ben purchased the stock several years ago for $4,000. c. Bessie is a partner in SULU Enterprises LLC. This year U repo e rt d that Bessies snare ot rental income was S 00 and ner snare ot municipal interest was $750. . Economic income of $20,000 is present, but there is no realization for tax purposes. Without realization, there can be no recognition. Hence this will not be included in the gross income. b. Economic income is present and has been realized through the sale. Return of capital limits the addition to gross income to the net gain on the sale, $5,750. The presumption in the law is that realized income is included in gross income. Thus, absent some additional facts which allow the deferral or exclusion of the income, recognition would follow realization, and the income would be taxed. . Bessies share of rental income is included in gross income, and her share of municipal interest is excluded from her gross income. 47. For the following independent cases, determine whether economic income is present and, if so, whether it must be included in gross income. Identify a tax utho rity that supports your analysis. a. Hermione discovered a gold nugget (valued at $10,000) on her land. b. Jay embezzled $20,000 from his employer and has not yet been apprehended. c. Keisha found $1,000 inside an old dresser. She purchased the dresser at a discount furniture store at the end of last year and found the money after the beginning of the new year. No one has claimed the money. a. Hermione must include the value of the nugget in her gross income. The value of the nugget is realized income because gold is marketable in a nugget form and easily valued. The authorities (Reg S 1 . 61-14(a). ; Rev. Rul. 1, 1953-1 C. B. 17) refer to the finder ofa treasure trove and hold that there is gross income (to the extent of the ascertainable value in U. S. currency) in the tax year in which the property is reduced to the taxpayers undisputed possession. . Jay might argue that no economic income is present because there is a liability to return the embezzled funds. The IRS argues that Jay does not intend to return the funds, so no liability exists at the time of the embezzlement, and therefore, income is present in that period. The Supreme Court has held that embezzled money is included in the embezzlers gros s income if he funds are received without restriction on the use of the funds and without a consensual recognition, express or implied, of an obligation to repay the funds (see Eugene James v. U. S. , (1961, S. Ct. ) 366 US 213). So, Jay is unlikely to win this argument. c. The answer to this question depends on state law. If she is not required under state law to search for the owner of money or give the money to authorities, she must recognize gross income on the funds. If she is required under state law to search for the owner or return the funds, she does not recognize the income. If she ignores the law, she must include the amount in gross income because she has taken an undisputed claim on the income. When does she recognize the income? When she bought the dresser (last year) or when she found the money (this year)? In a Sixth Circuit case the taxpayer bought a piano for $15 at an auction and seven years later discovered $4,467 hidden inside. The Court held that the money was reduced to undisputed possession in the year of discovery and not in the year the taxpayer bought the piano at an auction (Ermenegildo Cesarini v. U. S. , (1970, CA6)428 F2d 812). Jim recently Joined the Austin Barter Club, an organization that tacili tates the exchange of services between its members. This year Jim provided lawn-mowing services to other club members. Jim received the following from the barter club. Determine the amount, if any Jim should include in his gross income in each of the following situations: a. Jim received $275 of car repair services from another member of the club. b. Jim received a $150 credit that gave him the option of receiving a season pass at a local ski resort from another member of the club. However, he forgot to request the pass by the end of the ski season and his credit expired. c. Jim received a $450 credit that can only be applied for goods or services from club members next year. . In an exchange of services, income has been received in the amount of the value of services received (gross income includes the receipt of services as well as money and goods). Hence, Jim is taxed on the $275 of car repair services. b. The issue is whether the credit represents a valuable right. Because the right could be redeemed for property worth $150, then under constructive receipt Jim should recognize income of $150. c. If a barter credit can only be redeemed for future services, then the taxpayer could argue that no ealization has yet occurred. But, it would be included in his gross income next year when the credit becomes a valuable right. 53. Clyde is a cash method taxpayer who reports on a calendar-year basis. This year Paylate Corporation has decided to pay Clyde a year-end bonus of $1 ,OOO. Determine the amount Clyde should include in his gross income this year under the following circumstances: a. Paylate Corporation wrote the check and put it in his office mail slot on December 30 of this year, but Clyde did not bother to stop by the office to pick it up until after year-end. b. Paylate Corporation mistakenly wrote the check for $100. Clyde received the remaining $900 after year-end. c. Paylate Corporation mailed the check to Clyde before the end of the year, (and it was delivered before year end). Although Clyde expected the bonus payment, he decided not to collect his mail until after year-end. d. Clyde picked up the check in December, but the check could not be cashed immediately because it was postdated January 10. a. Clyde is taxed on the $1,000 under the constructive receipt doctrine. b. Clyde is taxed on the $100 the remaining $900 is taxed in the next year. c. Clyde is taxed on $1,000 unless the mail was not delivered until after year-end. Clyde would need to check his mail on December 31 or he would have the burden of proving he didnt receive the check before year-end if the IRS alleges that the check was delivered before year-end. d. Clyde is not taxed until next year because the postdated check is a substantial restriction. 55. Cammie received 100 NQOs (each option provides a right to purchase 10 shares of MNL stock for $10 per share) at the time she started working for MNL Corporation four years ago when MNLs stock price was $8 per share. Now that MNLs stock price is $40 per share, she intends to exercise all of her options.

Kate Chopins The Awakening Essays (846 words) - The Awakening, Edna

Kate Chopin's The Awakening Many different symbols were utilized in Kate Chopin's The Awakening to illustrate the underlying themes and internal conflict of the characters. One constant and re-emerging symbol is the sea. The voice of the sea is seductive, never ceasing, whispering, clamoring, murmuring, inviting the soul to wander for a spell in abysses of solitude; to lose itself in mazes of inward contemplation. The voice of the sea speaks to the soul. The touch of the sea is sensuous, enfolding the body in its soft, close embrace (25). In the novel, the ocean symbolizes Edna's awakening to a life filled with freedom and independence. On a hot summer evening Robert and Edna go bathing. Although Edna does not wish to go and initially declines his offer, something inside is compelling her to go down to the water. It is there in the seductive ocean that Edna's awakening begins. A certain light was beginning to dawn dimly within her? [she] was beginning to realize her position in the universe as a human being and to recognize her relations as an individual to the world within and about her (25). That warm ocean environment is in direct contrast to the responsibilities and rules of the cold, hard city. And it is there in that relaxed and forgiving atmosphere that Edna can explore her new found freedoms. While relaxing on the beach with Mrs. Ratignolle, the sight of the endless ocean brings back memories from Edna's childhood. She suddenly recalls a summer day in Kentucky and a meadow that seemed as big as the ocean to the very little girl?and I felt as if I must walk on forever without coming to the end of it. I don't remember whether I was frightened or pleased (30). A strong connection between the Kentucky meadow, and the ocean before her, links her present experience to her childhood. This rebirth takes her back to a time of innocence and curiosity that allows her to explore life through new eyes. Edna is filled with swelling emotions and reveals Sometimes I feel this summer as if I were walking through the green meadow again. Idly, aimlessly, unthinking, and unguided (30). Edna's recollection of this event allows her to more clearly recognize her internal turmoil. The link between Edna's awakening and the ocean becomes even clearer when after several attempts she finally learns to swim. The first time she ventures out into the ocean alone is the first step toward her independence. She panics when she realizes how far she has gone alone and fears drowning. This incident represents Edna gaining control over her body and becoming more aware of her full potential. The ocean helps her recognize that her body is her own and she awakens to her physical, mental, and emotional capabilities. But that night she was like the little tottering, stumbling, clutching child, who of a sudden realizes its powers, and walks for the first time alone, boldly and with overconfidence. (47). Edna's sudden terror in the middle of the ocean signifies that she may not be able to venture out as far as she wants to and may have to turn back. She wanted to swim far out, where no woman had swum before?A quick vision of death smote her soul, and for a second of time appalled and enfeebled her senses (48). Much like her adventure in the Kentucky bluegrass meadow Edna is perplexed by her feelings. A mixture of pride, fear, and uncertainty engulfs her. Robert leaving Edna with Good-by-because I love you (185) opens Edna's eyes to the fact that she is still not entirely her own person. Mr. Pontellier and society still have control over many of Edna's decisions and much of her life. When Edna decides to claim her life she is asserting that her life is hers to have and to destroy. She wants to prove to everyone including herself that she is her own person and can choose her own fate. It is now that the ocean plays the biggest part in Edna's awakening. The voice of the sea is seductive, never ceasing, whispering, clamoring, murmuring, inviting the soul to wander in abysses of solitude (189). Edna swims out

Chemosynthesis Definition and Examples

Chemosynthesis Definition and Examples Chemosynthesis is the conversion of carbon compounds and other molecules into organic compounds. In this biochemical reaction, methane or an inorganic compound, such as hydrogen sulfide or hydrogen gas, is oxidized to act as the energy source. In contrast, the energy source for photosynthesis (the set of reactions through which carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose and oxygen) uses energy from sunlight to power the process. The idea that microorganisms could live on inorganic compounds was proposed by Sergei Nikolaevich Vinogradnsii (Winogradsky) in 1890, based on research conducted on bacteria which appeared to live from nitrogen, iron, or sulfur. The hypothesis was validated in 1977 when the deep sea submersible Alvin observed tube worms and other life surrounding hydrothermal vents at the Galapagos Rift. Harvard student Colleen Cavanaugh proposed and later confirmed the tube worms survived because of their relationship with chemosynthetic bacteria. The official discovery of chemosynthesis is credited to Cavanaugh. Organisms that obtain energy by oxidation of electron donors are called chemotrophs. If the molecules are organic, the organisms are called chemoorganotrophs. If the molecules are inorganic, the organisms are terms chemolithotrophs. In contrast, organisms that use solar energy are called phototrophs. Chemoautotrophs and Chemoheterotrophs Chemoautotrophs obtain their energy from chemical reactions and synthesize organic compounds from carbon dioxide. The energy source for chemosynthesis may be elemental sulfur, hydrogen sulfide, molecular hydrogen, ammonia, manganese,  or iron. Examples of chemoautotrophs include bacteria and methanogenic archaea living in deep sea vents. The word chemosynthesis was originally coined by Wilhelm Pfeffer in 1897 to describe energy production by oxidation of inorganic molecules by autotrophs (chemolithoautotrophy). Under the modern definition, chemosynthesis also describes energy production via chemoorganoautotrophy. Chemoheterotrophs cannot fix carbon to form organic compounds. Instead, they can use inorganic energy sources, such as sulfur (chemolithoheterotrophs) or organic energy sources, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids (chemoorganoheterotrophs). Where Does Chemosynthesis Occur? Chemosynthesis has been detected in hydrothermal vents, isolated caves, methane clathrates, whale falls, and cold seeps. It has been hypothesized the process may permit life below the surface of Mars and Jupiters moon Europa. as well as other places in the solar system. Chemosynthesis can occur in the presences of oxygen, but it is not required. Example of Chemosynthesis In addition to bacterial and archaea,  some larger organisms rely on chemosynthesis. A good example is the giant tube worm which is found in great numbers  surrounding deep hydrothermal vents. Each worm houses chemosynthetic bacteria in an organ called a trophosome. The bacteria oxidize sulfur from the worms environment to produce the nourishment the animal needs. Using hydrogen sulfide as the energy source, the reaction for chemosynthesis is: 12 H2S 6 CO2 → C6H12O6 6 H2O 12 S This is much like the reaction to produce carbohydrate via photosynthesis, except photosynthesis releases oxygen gas, while chemosynthesis yields solid sulfur. The yellow sulfur granules are visible in the cytoplasm of bacteria that perform the reaction. Another example of chemosynthesis was discovered in 2013 when bacteria were found living in basalt below the sediment of the ocean floor. These bacteria were not associated with a hydrothermal vent. It has been suggested the bacteria use hydrogen from the reduction of minerals in seawater bathing the rock. The bacteria could react hydrogen and carbon dioxide to produce methane. Chemosynthesis in Molecular Nanotechnology While the term chemosynthesis is most often applied to biological systems, it can be used more generally to describe any form of chemical synthesis brought about by random thermal motion of reactants. In contrast, mechanical manipulation of molecules to control their reaction is called mechanosynthesis. Both chemosynthesis and mechanosynthesis have the potential to construct complex compounds, including new molecules and organic molecules. Resources and Further Reading Campbell, Neil A., et al. Biology. 8th ed., Pearson, 2008.Kelly, Donovan P., and Ann P. Wood. â€Å"The Chemolithotrophic Prokaryotes.† The Prokaryotes, edited by Martin Dworkin, et al., 2006, pp. 441-456.Schlegel, H.G. â€Å"Mechanisms of Chemo-Autotrophy.† Marine Ecology: a Comprehensive, Integrated Treatise on Life in Oceans and Coastal Waters, edited by Otto Kinne, Wiley, 1975, pp. 9-60.Somero, Gn. â€Å"Symbiotic Exploitation of Hydrogen Sulfide.† Physiology, vol. 2, no. 1, 1987, pp. 3-6.

Creating Your Own Lesson Plan Calendar

Creating Your Own Lesson Plan Calendar It is easy to become overwhelmed when you begin planning units of study and individual lessons for a school year. Some teachers  start with their first unit and continue until the year ends with the attitude that if they didnt complete all the units then thats the way life is. Others try to plan their units in advance but run into events that cause them to lose time. A lesson plan calendar can help by giving a realistic overview of what they can expect in terms of instructional time.   Materials Needed: Blank CalendarSchool CalendarPencil Steps for Creating  a Lesson Plan Calendar Get a blank calendar and a pencil. You dont want to use pen because you will probably need to add and erase items over time.Mark off all vacation days on the calendar. I generally just draw a big X right through those days.Mark off any known testing dates. If you dont know the specific dates but you do know in which month testing will occur, write a note at the top of that month along with the approximate number of instructional days you will lose.Mark any scheduled events that will interfere with your class. Again if you are unsure of the specific dates but know the month, make a note at the top with the number of days you expect to lose. For example, if you know that Homecoming occurs in October and you will lose three days, then write three days at the top of the October page.Count up the number of days left, subtracting for days noted at the top of each month.Subtract one day each month for unexpected events. At this time, if you want, you can choose to subtract the day before va cation begins if this is typically a day that you lose. What you have left is the maximum number of instructional days you can expect for the year. You will be using this in the next step.Go through the Units of Study necessary to cover the standards for your subject and decide the number of days you think will be needed to cover each topic. You should use your text, supplementary materials, and your own ideas to come up with this. As you go through each unit, subtract the number of days required from the maximum number determined in step 7.Adjust your lessons for each unit until your result from Step 8 equals the maximum number of days.Pencil in the start and completion date for each unit on your calendar. If you notice that a unit would be split by a long vacation, then you will need to go back and readjust your units.Throughout the year, as soon as you find out a specific date or new events that will remove instructional time, go back to your calendar and readjust.

Security Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Security Plan - Essay Example Hacking 6 Human Errors 7 Unauthorized Access 7 Information Destruction By Dissatisfied Employees 7 Electronic Threats To Organization’s Information Holdings 8 Organization’s Actual Threat For Information Holdings 9 Security Plan 9 Physical Countermeasures 10 Electronic Countermeasures 12 Human Countermeasures 15 Information Security Education And Awareness Program 16 Updating The Education And Awareness Program 18 Measures Used To Test The Efficacy Of Plan 19 Conclusion and Recommendations 20 References 21 Bibliography 24 Introduction With the rapid improvement in information system and exceptional development of internet, the information security has become a critical issue for every organization. Information is acknowledged as an important monetary asset for organizations, thus, it needs to be secured consequently. In present days, organizations are becoming greatly dependent on information system which clearly manages serious portion of organization’s fundamental activities. The role of technology has transformed from a validation tool to the center of main business (Aoufi, 2011). As the technology has improved, people have also become more aware regarding possible threats for information theft, cybercrime and other fraudulent activities. Thus, there is a need to strengthen the information security system in every organization by identifying and removing potential threats. ObjectivesObjectives The objective of this study is to identify and describe the risks of organizations information holdings with respect to physical, human and electronic threats. The study also illuminates a security plan for physical, human and electronic counter measures for reducing the information threats of a business organization situated in an Australian city. Besides, there is need for adequate education and awareness program for minimizing risks in the information system. A comprehensive information security education and awareness plan is developed in this paper which can help to enhance the information security. Scope The scope of information security is to support the safety, control and administration of organization’s valuable information. This study covers the areas such as known threats for organization’s security and several countermeasures which can help people to gain insight about maintaining strong information system in organization. Furthermore, the study describes the methods for developing education and training to employees for increasing knowledge and skill to avoid security problems. Physical Threat To Organization’s Information Holdings In this digital information age, physical threats can have significant impact on the information holdings of organizations. Thus, physical threats need adequate attention besides other cyber threats. The scope of physical threat is much inclusive compared to other threats in terms of financial loss. Physical threat can arise at any form and at any time. An organization can face the following physical threats for their information holdings (Bidgoli, 2006). Theft Theft is regarded as one of most common risks for organizations’ information holdings. Digital information can be physically stolen by people who come from security and Information Technology (IT) background. Outsiders might break or sneak into any organization’s network and steal information. Insiders also can enter into a part of organization for accessing information which they have no right to access or they may abuse access rights which are part of their tasks. Furthermore, physical assaults against rational security can simply be executed by experts (Lindstrom, 2003). Sabotage Sabotage is fairly similar to theft. Sabotage is intentional damage of information holdi

Energy Outlook Report Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Energy Outlook Report - Coursework Example The changes in the oil prices and the demand, supply and consumption levels in the market would highly affect the energy sector in Russia. The consumption of natural gas as major energy resource will be attaining momentum and the coming twenty years can be labelled as the era of gas as a main source of energy. The market position of Russia as a leading country in the global energy market may be affected by different changes which the country would try to balance through their strategies. Russia is likely to be affected by the changing situations in the market in the forecasted period. The exports of oil and gas from Russia are forecasted to be lower due to the decrease in the demand levels for these sources of energy across the world. The high costs and the existing system of taxation are likely to put a constraint on the energy resources of Russia as exported in the global energy market. Russia is a leading country with respect to world energy and is a significant player in the international market of energy and power. The energy market of Russia is a critical contributor to the world economy and also directly influences the stability of the economy of Russia. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the development and future outlook for the energy sector of Russia with respect to the global energy market perspective is significant in understanding and planning the development of the economy. The analysis of the future of the energy sectors in Russia and the global market is done to evaluate and analyse the strategies of the country with respect to the development of the energy market and the economy of the country. The global energy landscape has been undergoing major transformations after the event of the economic crisis of 2008. The characteristics of the energy outlook has been demonstrating increasing volatility in the prices of the hydrocarbons, the changing demand and supply equations, increasing level of

History and myth Essay Example for Free

History and myth Essay The Worlds Wife revises fairytale, history and myth and reworks it into contemporary, feminist fables. With reference to three of the poems in the volume examine the techniques employed by Duffy in writing contemporary feminist fables. Duffys volume The Worlds Wife is a collection of dramatic monologues where Duffy becomes a ventriloquist inventing the words, which famous, silent, wives from history or myth might have said. Her use of humour and play on clichi s creates a collective female voice where dominant male characters are being criticised. Duffy reworks contemporary feminist fables and adopts different personae by employing different techniques, which are particularly displayed in her poems, Mrs Midas, Mrs Lazarus and Mrs Aesop. Duffys use of witty humour in the poem Mrs Aesop allows her to condescend the male counterpart, by turning his famous fables against him and questioning his manhood. On the contrary, Mrs Lazarus portrays a more emotional persona grieving over her husbands death, where her other half fails to consider the impact of his return. Similarly, in Mrs Midas, the male character is overcome by greed, blinding his ability to comprehend the repercussions of his actions. The metaphorical autobiographies allow Duffy to adopt a variety of dramatic personae and assume a multiplicity of voices, which portray issues and views sensitive to her own. She explores the notion of the self in relation to the other, particularly in the poem, Mrs Midas. The poet is able to present a wide range of emotions through the practical persona that feels a sense of exasperation due to her husbands selfishness. The sensual qualities of the persona are highlighted through the use of soft sounds, breath brow, and my fingers wiped the others glass. She is then depicted as multitalented, especially in comparison to her husband who was standing under the pear-tree snapping a twig. His pointless and ridiculous activity belittles his usefulness and thus increasing his wifes, as it does not require much talent to carry out such an activity. The persona undertakes an anecdotal approach, principally when the tragedy is building up, belying the serious concern, I said and What in the name of God is going on? show the use of colloquial language, which help the personas voice emerge. The phrasing used throughout the poet emphasizes her practicality and ability to make sense out of any situation, I served up the meal and So he had to move out, illustrate that she is not theatrical, but is calm and logical, which is a comparison to her partners childish and immature behaviour, he toyed with his spoon. The persona is able to rise above him, assert her authority and her use of bitter sarcasm introduces comedy to the poem. Duffys use of the clichi , which is commonly present in her poems, is used to show how worthless he has become and how ashamed and fearful she is for him, as he is a fool who could not think beyond his short-term greed. Similarly, Mrs Lazarus, also has to face the consequences of her husbands return after she finally manages to deal with her grief over his death and move on. The dramatic persona created in this poem is extremely loyal to her husband and devastated at the fact that she has lost her other half. Howled, shrieked, clawed and one empty glove reinforce the imagery of suffering and grief-stricken state. She is a persona very expressive of her emotions and goes through the entire pain of her loss, even to the extent where there are images of suicide because of what she is feeling, double knot round my bare neck. The alliteration of soft, slept.. single.. stuffed and harsh sounds, gone gutted glove, bring emphasis to the range of her emotional suffering. As her memory of him and grief is receding, she develops a more practical, factual tone in her diction, Then he was gone, showing that she has finally moved on. When her husband returns, her phrasing and diction changes and it begins to sound more harsh and bitter, rotting graves slack chew, as a reflection of the fact that he is insensitive to her emotions, despite everything she has been through.

Toll like receptors and their therapeutic potential Essay -- essays re

Cellular Basis Of Disease: Why has the discovery of Toll-like receptors revolutionised our understanding of how the innate immune system works, and what is the therapeutic potential? The body has two immune systems: the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system. Adaptive, or acquired, immunity refers to antigen-specific defence mechanisms that take several days to become protective and are designed to react with and remove a specific antigen. This is immunity develops throughout life. Innate immunity refers to antigen-nonspecific defence mechanisms that a host uses immediately or within several hours after exposure to an antigen. This is the immunity that you are born with, and is the initial response by the body to eliminate microbes and prevent infection. It is in the innate immune system that Toll-like receptors are important in helping our understanding. The most important role of the innate immune system is to react rapidly to infectious agents with the initiation an inflammatory response, and to shape the subsequent adaptive immune responses. There are currently two different models for immune system induction. The first model predicts the recognition of non-self determinants on pathogens, and the other, more controvertial, model predicts that there is recognition of damage or danger to self-tissues. In the first model, pathogens are recognised by either specific or general components of their structure. A system referring to the patterns that are recognised are the pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and the receptors recognising them are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The second model, put forward by Matzinger, is that it is the danger itself that is sensed. It is argued that it is tissue damage or cellular debris from necrotic cells that sends the signal for the immune system to initiate a response. The presence of DNA or RNA, that shouldn't be outside of the cell, may cause an alarm signal. Heat shock proteins released from the cell, or mannose that is normally cleaved off, may also serve as an alarm signal. It is suggested that the PRRs are there to recognise these endogenous signals from ruptured cells, and not to recognise pathogens as proposed in the first model. It is the first model that is most widely accepted in the scientific community, and it is this model of events that I shall describe. Activation of the ... ...77(9):7059-65 9. Horng T. et al., 2002. The adaptor molecule TIRAP provides signalling specificity for Toll-like receptors. Nature. 420(6913):329-33 Takatsuna H., et al. 2003. Identification of TIFA as an adapter protein that links TRAF6 to IRAK-1 in IL-1 receptor signaling. J Biol Chem. 2003 Yang L, Blumbergs PC, Jones NR, Manavis J, Sarvestani GT and Ghabriel MN (2004). Early expression and cellular localization of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human traumatic spinal cord injury. Spine. 29: 966-71 Therapeutic targeting of Toll-like receptors for inflammatory and infectious diseases. O'Neill LA. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2002 Oct;1(10):797-807 Role of toll-like receptors and their adaptors in adjuvant immunotherapy for cancer. Seya T, Akazawa T, Uehori J, Matsumoto M, Azuma I, Toyoshima K. Anticancer Res. 2003 Nov-Dec;23(6a):4369-76 Toll-like receptor signaling in anti-cancer immunity. Okamoto M, Sato M. J Med Invest. 2003 Feb;50(1-2):9-24 H. Hemmi, et al., "A toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA," Nature, 408(6813):740-5, 7 December 2000. bst.portlandpress.com/ bst/031/0637/bst0310637.htm

Value of Communication Skills in the Workplace

The value of communication in the workplace is important. Employers should make employees aware of what Is happening within the workplace. Organizing meetings regularly would help to keep a strong flow of communication and a positive attitude toward the company and each other. Enhance Workplace Communication at 24-Hour Operations (2011) is confident that communication can be improved by keeping logs.Using electronic or paper logs would help to point out unwanted problems and correct them as soon as possible. Technology today has changed our world drastically. According to Tensions (2011) managers who have good communication skills help to create a good working atmosphere. Communication today Is mostly made up of testing, emails, and social media leaving face-to-face communication a thing of the past. Technology regarding personal communication should only be used as a quick fix solution providing face- to-face communication is not available at the current time.According to Hungry ND Kooky (201 1 ) face-to-face communication and computer-mediated communication differ when group performance Is Involved. The effects of face-to-face communication proves to have a more positive outcome workplace usually does not happen unless a serious problem has occurred and immediate attention is needed. Brown, Owens, and Bradley (2013) felt cancer patients that are able to continue working need to know how to properly address their employer concerning benefits.The fact that people should be trained on how to properly communicate is surprising because face-to-face communication allows en to be able to clearly express themselves in an understanding way. Many mistakes have occurred due to the lack of direct communication. Most people especially some older ones have no idea how to communicate using different methods of communication other than face-to-face communication. Making face-to- face communication a priority in the workplace is important and should be used as much as possibl e. The lack of effective communication in the workplace can sometimes create negative outcomes.Enhance Workplace Communication at 24- Hour Operations (2011) advised workers can be vulnerable to communication reawaken in the workplace due to fatigue, shift changes, and long breaks built into the schedule. When comparing face-to-face communication to all other forms of communication the outcome is usually all other meaning testing, social media, email, and fax. Using face-to-face communication gives each person the opportunity to ask questions by speaking instead of typing. The majority of the population that use technology methods of communication have no idea of the value of face-to-face communication.Management should Join forces to make sure all future plans to communicate in the oracle is done by direct contact instead of technology based contact. Timing (2011) suggest that promoting good communication in a clinical setting will ensure competence in a range of skills. Mangers sho uld ensure staff members are skilled and effective communicators. Many forms of communicating in the workplace should be readily available to each employee. With the way communication has changed managers can deliver important information to employees without speaking to them directly.Managers are the first point of contact for the employee but, some managers are not always available to communicate erectly with their teams. So, in this case indirect communication is acceptable as long as it is easily understood. According to Wallace, Durance, Helmut, and Marcia (2012) communication in the workplace is important in all kinds of industries. Communication is a critical part of our world so everyone must be able to communicate in some way in order to keep things moving in the right direction. Without some form of communication everyone would have to guess which way is right and which way is wrong.Unfortunately in some cases the flow of communication is lacking in many ways and because o f it errors and sometimes tragedies can occur. Wallace et al. (2012) presented different forms of communication starting with Relationship and Interpersonal Communication. This form of communication skills deals with individuals initiating, maintaining, or disengaging from two types of work- related relationships: inter- organizational collegial friendships and internships as well as all other outside sources affiliated with the workplace.Wallace et al. (2012) also introduced another form of communication called online participation. Mediated communication, represents the willingness and the ability to participate in online training. Using social networking is a form of communication that is questionable at times due to privacy issues involved. A company has to make sure they are equipped with strong security measures for any online activity due to company interaction. Intercrop communication is a form of communication introduced by Wallace et al. 2012) that focus on communication w ithin and across groups and how it affects social relations among members of each group. One important part of this group focused on concerns of older more experienced workers being managed by young least experienced workers. This form of communication is good for employees because the young managers being mentored by the older workers will keep a good flow of communication within the workplace. Because of the efforts presented by older employees training should have a positive effect due to their knowledge.Speaking and listening as explained by Wallace et al. (2012) is a good example. Listening is important and so is speaking because the listener have to be able to clearly understand the speaker. The speaker should make sure he/she is speaking clearly and at a tone where the listener is not offended, threatened, or afraid to spoon or ask questions if needed. Management should work hard to make sure a positive attitude is displayed at all times while Interacting with employers. Alth ough body language does not make any noise it still is a part of communication.Employees will sometimes feed off of whatever energy they get from the employer. Bad communication could have a negative impact for production and cause negative attitudes within the workplace. Good communication between employers and employees will have a positive impact in the workplace. The outcome of the study done by Wallace et al. (2012), describes speaking and existing as being the least effective. Companies affiliated with the sale of products would benefit more by having their potential customers use the internet for display and colorful presentations.While this way of communication may work for some it may not work for all. The computer and the internet are not the best ways to communicate for everyone. Some young and old would rather not deal with the process of getting on the internet and looking for information. Other forms of communication which are looked upon as non-verbal communication ar e not mentioned nearly as much as other forms of communication when the subject of immunization is presented. Eyes, hands, facial, and body language, these forms of communication are among the oldest ways of communicating and are still effective.If a person is speaking with another person and one of them rolls their eyes, or throw their hands this form of communication is looked upon as being dissatisfied, rude, or unhappy with what is being said or done at the current time. A smile, smirk, grin, or a face without a smile all says something is either pleasant or unpleasant. Although these forms of communication are not talked about they are still being used. Smiley faces etc. Re available to attach to text or email to express what mood a person is in at the particular moment.Sometimes if we stop, look, and listen closely, we could possibly stop a tragedy before it occurs because non-verbal communication can be as effective as any other form of communication. Timing employees. So usi ng good communication provides employees informal support and leadership. Managers have to be able to solve conflicts and settle disagreements without taking sides. Because of this the method of communication used by a manager could possibly make a difference in the outcome.Managers who have excellent communication skills create good working atmospheres that ultimately improve confidence, motivation, and morale in the workplace. When managers communicate with employees they are expected to demonstrate a high level of professionalism. Because managers are looked upon as role models to their employees they have to be able to effectively deal with many situations calmly. A plus for providing good communication skills in the workplace would be for all companies to have company meetings regularly.Managers are usually scheduled for tenting or other work related activities making them less available to answer questions or provide help or advice to employees. A plan to appoint a person or p ersons to become team leaders or assistants would also be a plus for providing good communication in the workplace. According to Ghana and Venerates (2013) the IS research contributed to the understanding of technology and communication in the workplace shows how it could affect Job performance. The outcome regarding the use of online and offline networks shows offline networks were a better option for having good and effective bob performance.So, when looking into additional help with management duties the chosen one should be well trained and knowledgeable about the department. This person should have immediate access to the department manager if needed. By providing the extra person to assist in the department the communication flow will still continue. The majority of the population that use technology methods of communication have no idea of the importance of face-to-face communication. The convenience of using technology communication has wiped out any chance of ever getting b ack the best way to communicate.Some companies provide technology communication to upper management making sure they are able to communicate with them as needed but, since technology tend to fail at times this may not be the best way to go. Since the internet will go down at times making testing, emails, or social media unavailable face-to-face communication is still the best way to go. If all else fail a designated office filled with kiosk for employees would be a good idea for communicating by way of face time this would allow for face-to-face communication and one on one time with management if needed.

Exercise 43

CHAPTER 43 1) 1. C 7. B 2. B 8. A 3. A 9. B 4. B 10. C 5. C 11. B 6. A 12. B 2) Describe the process of synapsis The pairing of homologous chromosomes (23 tetrads become attached to spindle fibers & begin to align on the equator. 3) How does crossover introduce variability in the daughter cells? The homologues separate from one another, breaking & exchanging parts- where crossovers occur 4) Define homologous chromosomes Egg & sperm chromosomes that carry genes for the same traits (1 paternal, 1 maternal) 5) 1. Primitive stemspermatogonium 2.Haploidsecondary spermatocyte, spermatid, sperm 3. Provides nutrients to developing spermsustentacular cells 4. Products of meiosis IIspermatid 5. Product of spermiogenesissperm 6. Product of meiosis Ispermatocyte 6) Why are spermatids not considered functional gametes? They are non-motile and have too much excess baggage to function well in a reproductive capacity. 7) Differentiate between spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis Spermiogenesis is the final stage of spermatogenesis, which sees the maturation of spermatids into mature, mobile spermatozoa. Formation of haploid gametes by male sloughing off excess spermatid cytoplasm to form a functioning sperm 8) Draw a sperm, label: acrosome, head, mid piece and tail. Beside each label, note the composition, and function of each sperm structures. Acrosome ( composition & function) penetrating device containing digestive enzymes Head ( composition & function) genetic region, nucleus Mid piece ( composition & function) contains mitochondria which provide ATP Tail ( composition & function) contractile filaments (loco motor region) 9) The lifespan of a sperm is very short? What anatomical characteristics might lead you to suspect this even if you don't know its life span? No cytoplasm in which to store nutrients 10) The sequence of events leading to germ cell formation in the female begins during fetal development, by the time the child is born; all viable oogonia have been converted to Primary oocytes How does the total germ cell potential of the female compare to that of the male? Much smaller, and the total number is predetermined 11) Female gametes develop n structures called follicles. What is a follicle? A saclike structure containing follicle cells in one or more layers that enclose a developing gamete. How are primary and vesicular follicles anatomically different? Primary follicle=primary oocyte; a single layer of cuboidal/columnar follicle cells Secondary follicle=several layers of cuboidal/columnar cells collectively called the membranous granulose which secrete follicular fluid What is a corpus luteum? It is what's left of the follicle after a woman ovulates, glandular ovarian structure that produces progesterone. The ruptured vesicular follicle is converted to corpus leuteum. 12) What is the major hormone produced by the vesicular follicle? Estrogen What is the major hormone produced by the corpus luteum? Progesterone (and some estrogen) 13) 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D 14) The cellular product of spermatogenesis is four _____________; the final product of oogenesis is one ________ and three ____________ Spermatids, ovum, polar bodies. What is the function of the unequal result of oogenesis in the female? To provide the ovum or functional gamete w/adequate nutritional reserves so that it can survive its journey to the uterus. What is the fate of the 3 tiny cells produced during oogenesis? Why? They will deteriorate; they lack sustaining cytoplasm w/nutrient reserves. 15) 1. FSH 2. LH 3. Estrogen and Progesterone 4. Estrogen 5. LH 6. LH 16) Why does the corpus luteum deteriorate toward the end of the ovarian cycle? Because blood levels of the anterior pituitary hormone LH are very low 17) 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 18) What uterine tissue undergoes dramatic changes during the menstrual cycle? Endometrium 19) When during the female menstrual cycle would fertilization be unlikely? Explain why? Anytime but the three-day interval (days 14-16) around ovulation (28 day cycle assumed) 20) Assume that a woman could be an â€Å"on demand† ovulator like the rabbit, in which copulation stimulates the hypothalamic-anterior pituitary axis and causes LH release, and an oocyte was ovulated and fertilized on day 26 of her 28-day cycle. Why would a successful pregnancy be unlikely at this time? The uterine lining goes through a cycle of building up every cycle to accept an embryo. By the time day 26 comes along, the lining is getting ready to slough off during the next period. Most likely the lining of the uterus would not be able to support the implantation and development of the embryo at this time.

Comparing Araby and Going to the Moon

Comparing Araby and Going to the Moon Free Online Research Papers When one talks about the allure of the other, many different meanings can rise up into the conversation. Allure is defined as an attractive or tempting quality possessed by somebody or something, often glamorous and sometimes risky. In both short stories, Araby and Going to the Moon, the allure of the other, love or acceptance, shared a similar yet different pattern as it happens throughout the two stories. For the stories, the protagonists were attracted to a female character because both of them seemed capable of providing an imaginary satisfaction, either for love or recognition that would fill up the void of loneliness and isolation. Due to the appeal of the unknown, both of the protagonists were allured to a location that they believed to be secure and harmonious. Then at the end, both protagonists realized that what they desired, love or acceptance, can not be fulfilled because their deep emotions and feelings blindly misled them. The main similarity between the two stories is that both protagonists were drawn towards a female character because they portrayed the superficial appeal of love and acceptance. In Araby, the boy was attracted to the girl because he is a senior teenager who as all other teenagers is interested in the matter of sexuality. The author illustrated that boy has no way of escaping the allure of the female character in the story, Mangan’s sister, because she composed of an attractive appearance and body figure. As a result, her body figure and movements became the main focus on his mind. â€Å"Her dress swung as she moved her body and the soft rope of her hair tossed from side to side† (288, James Joyce). Instead of realizing that he was really interested in sexuality, he blindly led himself to believe this is a high ordered romance. Due to the appeal revealed from Mangan’s sister, the boy was blindly infatuated with her. Evidence supporting this is that the author use d a metaphor to imply that the narrator felt like a harp controlled by Mangan’s sister. In the other story, Going to the Moon, the young protagonist was drawn to a female character who he believes can connect him with the outside world and provides him with protection and acceptance. She is so exceptionally different from the others that she â€Å"stood out from the stiff formality of the priests and nuns like a burst of colour in a grey landscape† (213, Nino Ricci). The reasons for her difference are her striking beauty, rich and colourful apparel, and unique ways of teaching. Therefore, including the protagonist, all the kids admire her to a great extend. The moon in the unique moon game started by her symbolizes an ideal world where the boy believes he can be accepted and welcomed. Since the game was organized by her, she then became the connection to his hopes of acceptances. So in both stories, the young and innocence of the story led them to succumb to the superf icial appeal of love and acceptance because they seemed so interesting and comforting. Due to the appeal of love and acceptance, both protagonists had a location in mind that reflects their hopes and dreams. In the story Araby, the magical place in the mind of the boy was the bazaar Araby. This place is implied with significance and heavenly decoration because it is where the protagonist can start his plan of consummating his love. Since the boy promised the girl that he will retrieve something back for her from the bazaar, the mission to the bazaar then represents a mission of winning the girl’s love. The bazaar then was constantly on his mind, â€Å"†¦the word Araby were called to me through the silence in which my soul luxuriated and cast an Eastern enchantment over me† (Joyce 289). In the story, Going to the Moon, the desirable location the protagonist dreams of was U.S.A. His family and he were originally planning to go to U.S.A, and they see it with a greater importance and significance in comparison to Canada. This was illustrated at the begi nning where Windsor, Canada, was like a purgatory. An allusion was also used to show the protagonist’s desire to go to U.S.A by comparing their family to Dorothy which â€Å"falling asleep on the road to Emerald city†, or U.S.A. Not only so, the protagonist view the building structure in U.S.A with high respect and admiration, â€Å"†¦that skylines tall buildings stood unnaturally still and crisp in the cold air†¦they had a strange, unreal quality†¦.my eyes could not believe their own power to hold so much in a glance† (Ricci 210). So for both of the stories, the appeal of the unknown caused the allure to a location, changing from feeling or emotion to a materialized desire for a place. High expectations usually conclude with a note that disappoints the person with the hope. Just as in the story, Araby, where the protagonist came into a realization that the girl does not love him as she treated him out of duty, and in some way, she seemed to be using him to buy things for her. The author prelude the realization by showing a flat, meaningless conversation between the protagonist and a saleswoman in comparison to the flirtation shared between the same women and two other men. Mangan’s sister is just like the saleswoman, treat the boy out of duty rather than the passion he desired. At the end, the reality was learnt by the boy in the harshest way possible, as he saw himself â€Å"as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger† (292, James Joyce). The realization in the story Going to the Moon is that U.S.A was not a utopia as imagined. Due to the death of the astronauts and riots in Detroit, the boy can no longer mislead himself to believe that U.S.A is a safe and secure country. Not only that, the death of the astronauts had changed Miss Johnson, as she changed and acted in the same way as all other teachers in the school. The change in her, the termination of the moon game had completed destroyed the boy’s hope and faith of the easy acceptance into a welcoming world. However, though, the boy had began to accept his life, his position in Canada, because it seems Windsor can be a peaceful place to be in comparison to U.S.A, because at the end he called Windsor â€Å"home†. Overall, the tough realizations caused pains and sufferings to both protagonists as they cannot be satisfied with their hopes and desire. However, the same time they learn from these harsh lessons, they advance in life significantly. The allure of the other plays a major role in both Araby and Going to the Moon. In both short stories, the main characters were attracted to a certain character for a variation of reasons. It could be to fill a void in their life, or to fulfill an imagination or dream they have had in the past. Either way, the allure controlled them to the point where they discovered that is wasn’t safe or pleasant like the main characters thought it would be. The disappointment of the allure not being what was expected hit the protagonists hard and in a deep manner. The results changed their way of life and way of thinking, which made them see the world in a different way. In conclusion, one cannot always go with the allure of the other and expect perfect results, but one can always try and accept the results regardless. Research Papers on Comparing "Araby" and "Going to the Moon"Mind TravelHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionWhere Wild and West MeetTrailblazing by Eric AndersonThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenHip-Hop is Art

Your Guide through the Receptionist Interview Maze

Your Guide through the Receptionist Interview Maze Are you on the hunt for the perfect receptionist position? Finding the ultra-competitive job search jungle a bit daunting? Best-Job-Interview.com helps you catapult to the front of the interview pack with an inside look at the sort of questions you can expect on the big day.Your potential next boss will want to know if you have the experience to hit the ground running and start making his or her office run smoothly and efficiently from day one. Expect to hear the following questions: â€Å"What were your primary responsibilities?,† â€Å"How many calls did you take on an average day in your last job?,† â€Å"What sort of people did you interact with on a daily basis?,† and â€Å"What sort of inquiries did you have to handle?†They’ll also want to know if your receptionist skills are top notch, so be ready for the following sorts of questions as well: â€Å"What are the most important skills for a receptionist?† and â€Å"What computer skills do you have?†Great receptionists can always think fast on their feet, multi-task like champs, and come up with effective strategies for handling any situation. Therefore, expect interview questions designed to task your on-the-job behavior and ability to think fast when it’s needed: â€Å"Tell me about a recent situation where you had to handle a difficult customer?,† â€Å"Describe how you organize your tasks for the day?,† â€Å"Tell me about a tough problem you had to sort out recently,† and â€Å"Can you give me an example of where you used your initiative in your previous job?†Beyond a great receptionist background and stellar skills, potential employers will want to know if they’re hiring someone with a motivated and positive work attitude and ethic. After all, receptionists are typically the face of the organizations they work for and have to work with every department and person in the office. Be prepared to hear the following questions on the day of your interview: â€Å"Why do you want to work as a receptionist for this company?† and â€Å"What do you like and dislike about working as a receptionist?†Now that you know the sort of questions you should expect when you’re on an interview you should invest some time leveraging your experience and skill set to craft the perfect responses to dazzle potential employers. Forewarned is forearmed!

Apple Computer, Inc. v. Microsoft Corporation Research Paper

Apple Computer, Inc. v. Microsoft Corporation - Research Paper Example Currently, Apple and Microsoft are world’s leading companies in the computer industry. Microsoft is headed by Bill Gates whereas Apple’s CEO is Steve Jobs. Many people believe that the competition between these two companies is actually the competition between these two charismatic leaders; Bill Gates and Steven Jobs. Microsoft succeeded in monopolising the operating system market in the world with the help of their renowned Windows based operating system. On the other hand Apple tried to conquer the global consumer electronics market with the help of diversified products. Apple faced many ups and downs in their history since its introduction. It faced stiff challenges in the 1990’s; however it was able to bounce back with the help of innovation and change management principles implemented in the organization during the latter periods of 1990’s and the at the beginning of the twenty-first century. On the other hand, Microsoft has not faced many challenges during their last 35 years of history. However, at present, Microsoft is facing several challenges from companies like Apple, Google etc. This paper compares the performances of Apple and Microsoft since their introduction. The first thing we all know is that during 1995-97, Apple lost control of the business market. IT managers needed something Apple wasn't able to supply: a capable back office system with authentication and management tools. Apple appeared to be ambivalent about this loss of the business market, and a series of poor CEOs failed to understand the evolution of business requirements and failed to bring clarity to Apple's vision (Martellaro, 2006) The battle for dominance between Apple and Microsoft was intensified in 1990’s. Apple introduced their Macintosh OS in response to Microsoft’s Windows in the 90’s. However, Apple failed to capture the market whereas Microsoft did succeed in monopolising the operating system market. Apple’s failure in providing the necessary solutions to the IT managers, opened many opportunities to Microsoft which they accepted with both hands. A series of windows based products like Windows 95, 98, 2000, XP, Vista etc entered the market which helped Microsoft to monopolize the operating system market. Microsoft did everything possible to sustain their monopoly in the operating system market. They have introduced many application software which are compatible only with the Windows operating system. For example, the MS Office package including software like MS word, MS excel, MS power point, MS access etc are compatible only with Windows operating system. Majority of the global computer users were badly in need of this application software and Microsoft was able to maintain their supremacy with the help of these software packages. Another business strategy successfully implemented by Microsoft was their meaningful collaboration with Microsoft chip manufacturers and other business associates. For example, Microsoft established business collaboration with Intel, one of the prominent microprocessor manufacture

Cutco Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cutco Case - Essay Example We recommend the mentioned regions because Cutco Company was started in Olean, NY and most people are aware of the quality of its commodities thus attracting a large group of customers. Another advantage of distributing the brands to the mention regions is that the company will incur less shipping cost compared to distributing to all regions of U.S (25). This is because the regions are near the manufacturing centers in Olean, instead of distributing to all regions. Apart from cutting down the number of Oreck stores, it is also recommended that the corporation makes use of other home appliance and high-end kitchenware stores. The target stores should be Sur La Table, Sonoma, Crate & Barrel, and Restoration Hardware. These retail stores specialize mainly in home furniture, kitchenware, kitchen appliances, and bathroom, bedroom, and lighting appliances. Therefore, distributing the products to these stores means that the products will be well-known by customers who do shopping in these stores. These stores have customer market that already exists only that they are not aware of Cutco brands and this will increase the company’s brand awareness. This is the phase 1 of the implementation plan and phase 2 will be distributing products to larger stores, which include Dillard’s, Bloomingdale’s, and Macy’s because they are within the company’s target price. Distribution to these stores will also increase the awareness of Cutco brand and the sales

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 21

Assignment Example Besides carbonated drinks, the market has had an influx of fresh juice owing to the increasing life awareness campaigns vouched y the government in order to increase effective lifestyles in the country. The consumption of soft drinks is definite with the growing number of competitors in the country validating the viability of the market. People consume soft drinks alongside other meals and when relaxing. Soft drinks are therefore a pertinent compatriot sustaining any form of social gathering. Additionally, people prefer soft drinks during meals times’ thereby increasing demand for the same products. Among the factors influencing the purchase of soft drinks are the pricing of the products, the type of the products and packaging among many others. Price is a fundamental marketing element that most consumers of the products consider before purchasing a product. The prices of commodities often vary depending on the quality and size of a product. Most of the soft drinks manufacturing companies price their products depending on the raw materials used in the manufacture of such products and the packaging of the same. Carbonated drinks are cheaper than fresh juices. However, fresh juices have smaller packaging as the vendors diversify their products packaging in order to cost lesser than the carbonated soft drinks. Most home based consumers purchase larger bottles of the soft drinks. This explains Coca cola and Pepsi’s decision to diversify the packaging of their products to two liters. Such large products are economical and ideal for families. Fast food consumers on the other hand prefer smaller packages such as a half a liter. The manufacturers of such drinks including the two have therefore diversified their packaging thereby capturing both markets in a bid to increase their market share. The trend has succeeded thereby facilitating the two companies’ large international market shares. However, with the develop ment of local brands and the prevalent of fresh

Management Case Study: Coca Cola Company

Management Case Study: Coca Cola Company Cola-Cola Company Roadmap starts with their mission, which is long-term. It declares their function as a company and serves as the standard against which their weight of action and decisions. The mission of Coca-Cola Company is to refresh the world, to inspire moments of optimism and happiness, to create value and make a difference. Vision Vision serves as the framework for Coca-Cola Company Roadmap and guides every part of the business by describing what they need to achieve in order to continue achieving sustainable quality growth. People, be a large place to work where people are encouraged to be the best they can be. Portfolio, bring to the world a portfolio of excellence beverage brands that expect and persuade peoples desires and needs. Partners, nurture a winning network of customers and suppliers, together they create communal, enduring value. Plane, be a responsible resident that makes a special by helping build and support sustainable communities. Profit, maximize long-term return to shareholder while being aware of their general responsibilities. Productivity, be a highly successful, bend and fast moving organisation. Coca-Cola products Coca-Cola companies have a very narrow products range which are Coca-cola, Sprite and Fanta. Those products are sold in the market with a difference size of bottles which are 250ml, 300ml, 1liter and 1.5liter pet. Working as a Global Team Coca-Cola companies built around two core assets, its brands and its people. Thats what makes working at Coca-Cola so special. They believe that work is a place that the employer need go every day. It should be a place of exploration, creativity, professional growth and interpersonal relationships. Its about being inspired and motivated to achieve extraordinary things. They want people to take pride in their work and in building brands others love. After all, its the combined talents, skills, knowledge, experience and passion of our people that make us who we are. Coca-Cola Company has 92,800 associates around the world live and works in the markets. They serve more than 87 percent of them outside the United State. In the geographically diverse environment, they learn from each market and share those learns quickly. As a result, Coca-Cola Company culture is ever more collaborative. From beverage concept and development to merchandising, Coca-Cola associates are sharing concept across departments and markets in new ways. Consequently, Coca-Cola associates are increasing enthusiastic about their work and inspired to turn plans into action. With a portfolio of more than 3,300 list of product, from diet and regular sparkling beverages to still beverages such as 100 percent fruit juices and fruit drinks, waters, sports and energy drinks, teas and coffees, and milk-and soy-based beverages, Coca-Cola Company variety spans the globe. Management Function PLANNING Definition Planning is the process of setting goals, developing strategic, outlining tasks and then deciding how best to accomplish them. As a result of the planning process, everyone in the organization knows what should be done, who should do it, and how it should be done. It is a detailed programmed regarding future course of action. Plan also a blueprint specifying the resource allocations, schedules, and other actions necessary for attaining goals. It defining goals and then determining the activities and resources required to achieve them. Planning can be difference of type, an organisation can classify some of the important types of plans which are the financial and non financial plans, formal and informal plans, specific and routine plans, strategic and functional plans, long range and short range plans and the last administrative and operational plans. Planning function is important to the managers, managers need to plan so that the worker activities are consistent with the organisatio n goals and the correct type and amount of resources also can be acquired. A planning function requires information, judgment and decision making. Theories According to Dror (1974), he says that planning is the process of preparing a set of decision for action in future, directed at achieving goals. According to Professor Stoner (1997), he says that planning is of establishing objectives and appropriate courses of action before taking action. According to Archibugi (2008), say that planning is a method of making rational decision; a method that is, to some extent, common to many areas. Real Practice For a Coca-Cola company, planning is very important to them because according to Joel Ross and Michael Kami theory, they think that an organisation without the strategy planning is like a ship without a rudder, going around the circle. Its like a tramp that is no place to go to. Strategic planning, implementation and formulation are the core management function. One of the biggest factors for determining whether the organisation performs up to its potential or not is the extent to which the management team performs, the strategy making and strategic implementing function. Coca-Cola organisation thinks that only the good strategic and good implementations are the most trustworthy proof of good management. A strategic plan is the bridge of the future, which an organisation uses to lead from what it is to what it envisions it can become. Planning also can be a future course of action. Planning is concerning itself with look forward into the future and determining the vision, mission and objective of the project or program. Vision is that provides the overall frame of reference within which mission statements are written and goals selected. It also is the desired future state of organization. According to Peter F. Drucker, objectives are essential in all the key areas where performance and results directly contribute to the growth and survival of a business. The vision of the Coca-Cola organisation is to become the best and the biggest anchor bottler in the world. They mission are to refresh the world, to create value and make a difference everywhere they engage. In the Coca-Cola organisation, most of the goals setting and planning activities are handling by the top management. The top manager had set three objectives for the Coca-Cola organisation. The objectives of Coca-Cola can be classified as the strategic goals, tactical goals and operational goals. Strategic goals are statements of what an organisation wish to achieve over the period of the strategic plan likes over the next years, next five years. The strategic goals are considered when company is thinking of the long-term objectives. This strategic goal is set up by the top management with consultation by the parent company head quartered at Singapore. The top managers have to make sure that they are in line with the changing environment that they have to review in the annual meeting every year. This goals is to make sure that Coca-Cola company can continue provide the quality products to the valuable customers, to project an outstanding corporate and try to satisfy the customer through extra ordinary service and an excellent service along with the complete tactical and operational support. The managers also need to select and retain in professional people for the organisation. Another, the tactical goals which are define the outcomes t hat major divisions and departments must achieve for organization to reach its overall goals. The top managers of the Coca-Cola Company on an annual basis devise these goals together with the consultation of the lower level employees. After that, each departmental director have to subdivide the annual tasks on the quarterly or monthly basis to have a proper check to make sure that these objectives are achieved mainly through the marketing after the annual tasks is given. For this year, managers need to ensure that Coca-Cola can increase the revenue by 20% of the compared last year and increase the total retail customer around 10%. They also have to increase the market share by 5% and 30% of the reactivate the discounts of customers. Last, the operational goals which is that the managers set to ensure that each employees can achieve their own goals and told what are expected of them and then they are evaluated on the basis of certain rules and regulations followed evenly by theÂà ‚  company. This operational goals may arise some issue which is some fresh salesman cannot reach their goals so the managers need to ensure that the salesmen can find the new customer, retain existing one and bring back the discontinued accounts by giving them some training. In addition, planning is vital in making management decisions. Decision making is the study of identifying and choosing alternatives based on the values and preferences of the decision maker and it is the process of sufficiently reducing uncertainty and doubt about alternatives to allow a reasonable choice to be made from among them. A bad decision making will have a bad result so a good manager must good in decision making, they have to must sure that every decision they make is good for the organisation. The decision making process in the Coca-Cola company is centralized. There are six step in the decision making of the Coca-Cola company which are recognize need to make decision, generate alternatives, assess the alternatives, choose among alternatives, implement choose and last the learn from feedback. In Coca-Cola company, decision which always takes by the top manager can related to the packaging positioning, trade discounts, advertisement, price reductions and distribution. So as a conclusion of planning, planning is the first tool of the four functions in the management process. It is rightly said Well plan is half done. Compare to the theory and real practice, both of them are concerning with the future action which is how to achieve the organisations goals with those objectives that are setting up by the managers. The difference between a successful and unsuccessful manager lies within the planning procedure. So for me, a successful manager should have a planning skill for achieve the organisations goals. ORGANISING Definition Organising is one of the four managerial functions which focus on allocating and arranging human and non-human resources so that the plans can be carried out successfully. It also means constructing an organisational structure that is compatible for the accomplishment of the agreed purposes, lines of authority, and responsibility defined, and a system of rules and procedures which lead the performance of subordinates lay down. Organising is how the plan will be carried out so the goal is achieve. Once a plan is planned, the next step in the progression is to agree on which individuals will need to be include, who will be in charge, who will keep individuals held responsible, and what resources will be necessitate, who will be in charge for getting those resources, who will keep an eye on the progress? Those phases are all part of the organising process in the project. Hence, organising is next to planning because once the plan is planned, the next natural move in the progressions is to get organised so the plan comes to fruition. Organising is also the talent of receiving people who do not work for you to realise things. As a conclusion, organising refers to the categorising of activities and possessions in a reasonable way. Theories According to Chester I. Barnard (1886-1961), the acceptance theory of authority, which states that people have free will and can choose whether to follow management orders. An order is acceptable if the subordinate understand it, is able to comply with it, and views it as appropriate given goals of the organisation. According to Chester I. Barnard (1888-1961), organization allows people to achieve what they could not achieve as individuals. REAL PRACTISE Base on the basis functional approach, Coca-Cola Company is divided into different departments in the real practice. Individuals who possess the same on the basis of common skills and work activities are grouped together. This method helps the company in attaining the economies of scale through high excellence of problem solving and lesser needs of guidance of the subordinates. Coca-Cola Company is leaded by the General Manager. There are a total of five mainly departments at Coca-Cola Company which are Production department, Industrial Relation department, Sales and Marketing department, Human Resources department, and Finance and Accounting department. Each department has their own functions and responsibility toward the company. Production department is in charge for the overall production of the Coca-Cola Company. Industrial Relations department is in charge for handling with problems connected to the operational surroundings of the staff and the matter linked to the labor unions . Sales and Marketing department is accountable for the producing the goods obtainable in the market and to deal with the problems associated to the advertisements of the goods. Human Resources department is in charge for looking the proficient pool of workers, choosing the professionals and make them pleased so that they should remain faithful to the company. Finance department deals with overall costing and pricing of the goods. They also deal with the trade in correlated concern of the company. Accounting department lend a hand to the sales department in making bill of lading and payroll entries. Example hierarchy of Departmentalisation for Coca-Cola Company: Figure : The departments under the General Manager of Coca-Cola Company. Coca-Cola Company each executive is made in charge for only a specific role that he or she expertise as the work specialisation is important. Each salesman is encountering different type of individuals as there is no tediousness or repetitiveness. The job is tough and promotions are based on performance. The executive of Coca-Cola Company receives report from the Salesman. These Sales Managers are in charge for the performances of the salesmen which they need to provide them timely comment. Assistances are requiring to be provided by Sales Manager at any time and it is a problem connected to the performance of the staff. The administrators keep an eye on an on-going basis toward these salesmen which serves as an efficient managing mechanism. The staffs have a lot of power, liability and information relative to the job that they are responsibility Nevertheless, every part of the information and authority relative to the work is provided by their individual supervisors. These procedure s are the similar in the other subdivisions as well. Figure Coca-Cola Company each executive is made held responsible for the actions of his or her underlings. An accurate advices and assistance is given at time to time to attain the purpose by the particular executives. Every supervisor is responsible for motivating their juniors so as to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the staffs apart from the delegation. Human Resources department lend a hand staff so they could recognise their potential and uses various technique to encourage them. In return, they offer the most excellent to their supervisor. Thus boost their performance, excellence of work and consumer satisfaction. The span of control is the amount of staff who report directly to a prearranged Coca-Cola Company supervisor. It is most excellent to have a minimum of 3 staff and a maximum of 5 staff reporting to their supervisor. This low pattern is as a result of the actuality that the organisation is a perpendicular and there are various individuals having different works t o do so. When there are more than 5 individuals, it is hard to be managed. Hence when there is an utmost of 5 people, the possessions and staffs still can be supervise in an effective manner. To the extent that resources allocation is concerned, the executives of each department in the Coca-Cola Company have the power to exploit the organisational assets whenever the assets are required for the purposes of their department. Special permission has to be approved by other superintendents if these assets belong to other superintendent. These resources may be capital, work force or other. When there are required positions in Coca-Cola Company and not on reserve basis, employment will be performed. The employment begins whenever a superintendent wants a salesperson. Foremost, it will send to be agreed by the General Manager of Coca-Cola Company before sending it to Human Resource department, HR. Example of the recruitment process: Human Resources department will verify from their Ex-Employers about the behavior and the cause of leaving. If the candidate is selected Education requirements and Screening Of the Personnel Available job are make public within Coca-Cola Company Human Resources department look for its data bank Selection is based on several decisive factors for various titles Aptitude test Example, for salesman Candidate is asked to turn up for an interview Candidate is asked for any references, which can make. If no suitable candidates for a specific profession If no suitable candidates, then publicise in the newspaper Coca-Cola Company If pass the aptitude test Carried out by the sales and Human Resources department Easy mathematics and common knowledge is tested. Familiar with how of English is also essential As a conclusion, an organising is the second function in the managerial functions. When the organization is well organised, it can be said that it is in the best conditions. Compare to the theory and real practice, state that the acceptance theory of authority which states that people have free will and can choose whether to follow management orders. In the real practice, people tend to follow instruction from the person who is higher ranking than them as they do not like to make their own decisions. The other theory stated that the organization allow people to achieve what they would not achieve as individual. However in real practice, people tend to work own their own as they do not wish to share the same authority with other and to prove that they are capable of doing it individually. LEADING Definition Leading means the process of influencing others to engage in work behaviors that would lead to the achievement of goals. It can be said, it is the third function in management. This function has a unique characteristic as compared to other functions, employing the humanistic perspective but require less systematic process for analysis as other functions. A leader must lead his subordinates to achieve goals more efficiency. Due to business environment, leaders are constantly on the change. Today, a manager must be able to make a quick and more accurate decision, either in consensus building or teamwork environment. Leadership is a complex process in which a person influences others to accomplish a mission, task, and objective and directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent. Leadership also can be defined as the ability to influence a group towards the achievement of goals. To lead subordinates successfully, the manager must provide directions and leaders hip to his staffs, to perform the essential task within the required time frame, and with the most efficient use of resources. Leadership theory are include trait theory (leadership idea that try to identify characteristic that differentiated from non- leaders), behavioral theory (identified behaviors that differentiated effective leaders from ineffective leaders) and contingency theory (leaders should be flexible and adjust to change in the environment). In behavioral theory, it include autocratic, democratic and laissez- faire. Theories According to Keith (2002), Leadership is ultimately about creating a way for people to contribute to making something extraordinary happen. According to Tom De Marco (2002), Leadership needs to be distinguished from posturing. According to Bateman-Snell (2004), Leading is the management function that involves the managers efforts to stimulate high performance by employees. Real Practice In Coca-Cola Company, other than the three of management functions, leading is important. The organization places the general manager on the top of the hierarchy. The general manager takes the responsibility of deciding major administrative decisions in accordance to the companys policy and operations. He will not be involved in the operations aspect directly. Departmental managers are tasked with leading and paving the direction for their subordinates. These leaders concentrate on two main parts of the operations. First, being co-ordination with each other in the operations, so as to increase the business volume. Second, employees are encouraged to give new ideas on increasing customer satisfaction. According to Herbert Spencer , that the time times produce the person and not the other way around. Coca-Cola believes they are practicing a democratic and laissez- faire style of leadership which are behavioral theory, through delegation and participation of employees. Since the sales a nd marketing team are dependent on one another, the team management concept is applied. The managers are very supportive of the practice of having subordinates treated in a fair and good manner. Employees are treated as part of the family. By encouraging them to participate in group discussions, using open communication system, employees are not left out in decision makings. So it can let employees always relax whether they are in work and also let them feeling that they are not just employees only come for work. They will feel comfortable as they are friend or a member of family either with superior or workmate. There have an highly open environment. Subordinates can show their opinion and feeling to the manager. Managers also will encourage employees participate to the decision- making so they will become participative so can make use for the group discussion. According to Victor Vroom, in collaboration with Phillip Yetton (1973) and later with Arthur Jago (1988) developed a taxonomy for describing leadership situation, taxonomy that wan use in a normative decision mo del where leadership styles were connected to situational variables, defining which approach was more suitable to which situation. Monetary and non-monetary rewards are used to entice a higher participation, especially from the lower level employees. The company gives high priority to motivate employees, adopting the policy of promoting employees within the company, based on performance, rather than recruiting a new staff. Achievable objectives and targets are set, which enables most employees to achieve and perform well. Paying wages that are higher than the industrys standard is also a part of the motivation plan. There are also various in-house campaigns and competition to stir up employees motivation. Motivated employees, gives important and timely feedbacks, like job or personal problems, which managers could help to solve. To further motivate employees, the company places importance to the working environment and goals achieved. The employees will get the commission if they se ll the products in bulk. The commission is base on the performance basis of subordinated. So, subordinates not only will get the salary but also commission. This can support and motivate employees to work hard and achieve the goals successfully more efficiency. This way is very objective and are perceives achievable by most of employees. Beside that the competition between employees can motivate them, other than this compensation plan also is a motivating factor as paying more than the industry average. A good working environment and a challenging milestone are a most important factor in employees motivation. Managers play a vital role to solve any problems of subordinates whether is job related or personal problem. According to Robert Blake and Jane Mouton in 1941, the five different leadership style of managerial grid model is based on the leaders concern for people and their concern for goal achievement. They also will give employees timely feedback about their unsatisfied. In th e function of leading, communication is a major factor in human relationship. With the contingency theory, the manager will be flexible and adjust to change according to situation. Information sharing among employees is highly encouraged. Top management seeks input and feedback from lower ranking employees, before implementing new company policies. The general manager is accessible to all employees at any time, if they have any grievances or suggestions. Communications between departments can be done formally or informally. The company uses grapevine to get employees view about the management. At Coca-Cola, the top management ensures the culture of the organization, which has its values formally documented and communicated to all employees, is adhered to. To ensure the successful implementation of the rules and values, the top management adopts the lead by example approach, when administering the policies. Employees behavior is reviewed periodically. So, as conclusion for leading, leadership is organizing a group of people to achieve a common goal. To achieve the goal, leadership of manager are important to leading subordinates to exert high level effort for successful. Controlling Definition Every manager whether in small or big firm needs managerial skills to lead the company. The important managerial skills have four important skills which is planning, organizing, leading and controlling or managing. All these skills are related to each other. Without this four skills manager are not being able to lead the employees in order to achieve organization vision, mission and goal. Controlling is once of the important as the organization will not substined without it. Manager need controlling to encourages others employee to be creative, innovative and aware toward their jobs, beside that managers identify any opportunities for change and development to upgrade the quality of employees and also their product, before it drives change the manager scopes and plan it carefully. Other than that manager used controlling to manages other employees through the change process to make sure it run smoothly, manager also must takes account of all stakeholder issues that happen to them to make a clear understanding and try to avoid from occurs problem. Controlling is one of the activities involve in management, controlling also one of the managerial skills. Controlling is the process of regulating activities to achieve organizational goals. Theories Control consists of verifying whether everything occurs in conformity with the plan adopted, the instructions issued, and principles established. Its object is to point out weaknesses and errors in order to rectify them and prevent recurrence. (Henri Fayol 1916) Control is checking current performance against pre-determined standards contained in the plans, with a view to ensure adequate progress and satisfactory performance. (EFL Breach) Controlling is the measurement and correction of performance in order to make sure that enterprise objectives and the plans devised to attain them are accomplished. (Harold Koontz) Management is the profession of control. (Stafford Beer 1970) Real Practice Controlling is done through the evaluation, which is based on the very objective basis. Some criteria are fixed in advance, if these criteria are not met when the employees are asked and evaluated for the reasons and corrective actions are taken by the respective managers. All this is control by manager to make the process run without problem. Different departments have different criteria, different reporting and controlling systems. The reporting, evaluation and control system of sales departments is Sales Persons reporting system and Sales Persons Evaluation System. Controlling is important to manager because manager used it to check the error and made a correction so the deviation standard can be achieved. This managerial skills is been using by the well known beverage soft drink which is the Coca-cola company. Sales Persons reporting system is where the employees give a daily report of his done activities to market developer of his area, sales person also are free to ask for any kind of assistance from the market developer to help him doing the activities. Every sales person will be giving a punch card which will record his arrival and departure time. They also will be given a route card which he must fill out to make sure the details about the time spent of visit the outlet, times during the traveling and it include the names of the loaders and salesperson time in and out of the vehicle. This will make the progress running smoothly and managers are able to control. Apart from this the manager also will inform about the next days order to be loaded in the truck to be deliver, this also will tell the manager the sum of sales by the sales person according to the brand and the size of the product. Sales person evaluation system is which the company help to promote their employees to the higher level of the firm. The evaluation also help to increase salesperson motivation to work hard and get the promotion or the monetary rewards which is given not only to the best seller but it also has been given to the best market developer and also the best sales manager of the year. Performance is measured on the basis of the achievement of the target which is set and communicated at the beginning of the year to each of sales manager, quarter to every each market developer and to each sales person on every month. This performance is evaluated according to the basis of performance development plan, it also development plan to the sales person on the call slips, route call, call completion, effective and productive call, attendance, growth in sales, market development and the punctuality of the salesman. As for the coca-cola company, the manager do organizational performance appraisal on the process which generate valid information about employee work effectiveness for the purpose of making informed human resource decisions. Organization must evaluate employee performance for a number of reasons. First, the employees need to understand the behavioral requirement of the job. Other than that employees work is evaluated for its contributions to company goals. Employees also need to know where they stand with the organization in terms of their performance, they also motivate to do a good job is increased by the performance appraisal system. Valid information about performance levels of employees should be used to make decisions about salary increased, bonuses and training needs. Beside that employees need a clear understanding of what the firm expects from them in terms of performance. The Coca-Cola Company realizes that a good appraisal system makes organizational processes more effecti ve because managers can use the performance appraisal system as a motivational tool. An effective appraisal system creates many opportunity for managers to interact with their subordinates about team performance measures, cycle times, company goals, service quality, and employees career aspiration. If there is no formal and objective performance appraisal system, employees may believe that the firm is unconcerned with treating them fairly, this is why the managerial skills is much important to manager to lead the company and it would not be complete if the manager do not practice all the skills indeed for the company future. Few managers would question the firms need to assess the performance behaviour of its employee. The proces